It highlights that patients with controlled LDL-C and non-targeted non-HDL-C have a higher cardiovascular risk. This article discusses the limits of current standard methods for assessing LDL-C levels and emphasizes the persistent residual cardiovascular risk in patients treated with lipid-lowering agents on the basis of recommended LDL-C targets. More recently, several findings have supported the greater reliability of non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) as a predictive factor and possible therapeutic target in refining antiatherogenic treatments, especially among patients with lower LDL-C and higher triglyceride values. For several decades, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) has been the main biomarker for the prediction of cardiovascular events and therapeutic target of lipid-lowering treatments. QDivision of Cardiology, Augusto Murri Hospital, Fermo, ItalyĬorrespondence to Stefania Angela Di Fusco, MD, Clinical and Rehabilitative Cardiology Unit, San Filippo Neri Hospital, via Martinotti 20, 00135 Rome, Italy E-mail: īloodstream cholesterol is a central contributor to atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases.
PPresidente Fondazione per il Tuo cuore, Heart Care Foundation, Florence OCardiovascular Center, University Hospital and Health Services of Trieste, Trieste NCardiologia-UTIC-Emodinamica, Ospedale del Mare, Napoli Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino MCardilogy Unit, Presidio Molinette, A.O.U. LCardiology Division, Ospedale Garibaldi-Nesima, Azienda di Rilievo Nazionale e Alta Specializzazione ‘Garibaldi’ Catania, Catania KCardiology Unit, ASL 3, Ospedale Padre A. JCardiology Unit 2, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda Cà Granda, Milan IDepartment of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. HCardilogy-Intensive Care Unit, Santa Maria degli Ungheresi Hospital, Polistena, Reggio Calabria
GCardiology Unit, Ospedale Santa Maria della Misericordia, Rovigo Cardiologia-UTIC, San Paolo Hospital, BariĭCardilogy-Intensive Care Unit, Ospedali di Città di Castello e Gubbio - Gualdo Tadino, Azienda USL Umbria 1, PerugiaĮCardiology Department, Le Scotte University Hospital, SienaįCardiology Unit, Bellaria Hospital, AUSL of Bologna, Bologna For the new estimation and the fixed Friedewald estimation, accuracy was defined as the LDL-C D percentage falling within an estimated category of LDL-C (LDL-C N or LDL-C F) by specified clinical cut points.AClinical and Rehabilitative Cardiology Unit, San Filippo Neri Hospital ASL Roma 1, RomeīDepartment of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Roma, RomeĬU.O.C. To measure LDL-C content (LDL-C D) in this patient population, rapid ultracentrifugation was used. Investigators analyzed patients who had fasted ≥10 to 12 hours (n=959,153) and compared them with nonfasting patients (n=586,481). The Very Large Database of Lipids ( identifier: NCT01698489) provided a total of 1,545,634 patients for this analysis. A new method for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) estimation consisting of an adjustable triglyceride (TG)/very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) ratio based on TG and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels provides greater accuracy than the fixed Friedewald estimation in nonfasting patients with low LDL-C and high triglycerides, according to a cross-sectional analysis published in Circulation.
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